A - An - Some

ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺮﺩ ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺮﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ ﻻ
ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺄﺗﻲ ﻣﻨﻔﺮﺩﺍ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺴﺒﻘﻪ ﺃﺩﺍﺓ
ﻣﺜﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﺩﻭﺍﺕ :
> A , An , Some <
ﻭﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﻧﻜﺮﺓ ﺃﻱ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻌﺮﻑ
ﺑﺄﻝ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ.
ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻗﻠﻨﺎ > An apple < ﻓﺎﻟﺘﻔﺎﺣﺔ ﻫﻨﺎ ﻏﻴﺮ
ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻓﻼ ﻧﻘﺼﺪ ﺗﻔﺎﺣﺔ ﺑﻌﻴﻨﻬﺎ ﻭ ﺇﻧﻤﺎ ﻧﻘﺼﺪ
ﺃﻱ ﺗﻔﺎﺣﺔ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ.
ﻭﺍﻥ ﻗﻠﻨﺎ > A car < ﻓﻬﺬﺍ ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﺃﻱ ﺳﻴﺎﺭﺓ
ﻛﺎﻧﺖ.
ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻟﻤﺎﺫﺍ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﻣﻨﺎ An ﻣﻊ Apple
ﻭ A ﻣﻊ Car ؟
ﺳﺒﺐ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺃﻥ An ﺗﺄﺗﻲ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻷﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺪﻭﺀﺓ
ﺑﺤﺮﻑ ﻋﻠﺔ ،
ﻭﺣﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ ﻫﻲ :
> A / U / O / E / I <
ﻣﺜﺎﻝ :
ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺓ >)An(< ﻣﻊ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ
>)Orange(< ﻷﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﺒﺪﻭﺀﺓ ﺑﺤﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﺔ
>)o(<
ﻭﻣﺎ ﻋﺪﺍ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻭﻑ ﻓﺘﺴﺒﻘﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺓ
A ﻣﺜﻞ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ > A hotel
ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ
ﻻ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﻔﺮﺩ ﻭﻣﻌﺪﻭﺩ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ
ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ A ﺃﻭ An
ﻓﻼ ﻧﻘﻮﻝ >hat< ﻭ ﺇﻧﻤﺎ ﻧﻘﻮﻝ > A hat < ﻷﻧﻪ
ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﻋﺪﻫﺎ ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﻔﺮﺩ.
ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ :
ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ >Some< ﻣﻊ ﺍﻷﺳﻤﺎﺀ
ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺪﻭﺩﺓ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺮﺩﺓ ،
ﻓﻨﻘﻮﻝ ﻣﺜﻼ :
Some friends
Some papers
Some eggs